History of Chinese Embroidery

Article Written By: JillLiu

China was the first country in the world that can weave Silk. In China, silkworms were cultivated since 5,000 years ago. In 1949 from the tomb of Warring States Period (475-221 B.C), a piece of silk with beautiful embroidery of dragon and phoenix has been discovered that was around 2,000 years old. During Han Dynasty (206BC-AD220), embroidery has taken a form art of whose pieces can be still discovered. At present, silk embroidery is very common and is practiced in all over China.

Embroidery and Chinese Dynasty

The four most popular are related to the different provinces that are further categorized according to Dynasties. Various dynasties of China have promoted different kinds of embroidery.

Xiang embroidery has been excavated from1st tomb of Mawangdui, Changsha City of the Han Dynasty (206BC-AD220). However, Xiang Embroidery has witnessed its zenith at the end of Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) as well as in Republic of China (early 20th century).

- Specialty: Excellent craftsmanship and unique style

- Theme: Valuable work of art and materials of daily use

- Fabric: For Xiang Embroidery, pure silk, soft satin, hard satin, and nylon materials are used to be connected with vivid silk threads. Xiang embroidery depicts the spirit of Chinese Painting and thus shows high artistic level.

Shu Embroidery is commonly found around Sichuan and Chengdu areas where it also popular as Chuan Embroidery. It has seen its heyday during Song Dynasty (960-1279), topped in the production as well as creative value. This embroidery was largely demanded during the five Dynasties and ten states periods (907-960). However, People's Republic of China has set up Shu Embroidery factories that were equipped with innovative techniques.

Yue Embroidery is popular in the province of Zhongshan, Guangzhou, Shantou, Shunde, and Fanyu and is commonly known as Guang. As recorded by historians, a girl named Lu Meiniang in the first year of Yongyuan's reign (805) during Dynasty (618-907), has embroidered seventh volume of Buddhist Scripture on 30 cm long piece of thin silk that made the Yue Embroidery popular. During Qianlong's reign (1736-1796) of the Qing Dynasty, factories were set up in Guangzhou for the production of Yue Embroidery.

Su Embroidery boasts the history of 3, 000 long years in the province of Suzhou, Jiangsu. This type dates back to the Three Kingdoms Period (220-280) during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). In the Republic of China period (1912-1949), it declined due to frequent wars and then refurbished after the founding of New China. During 1950, central government of China has established research center on Su Embroidery to study the weaving method due to which rise has been witnessed from 18 to 40.

There are various other major styles such as Bian of Kaifeng, Henan Province, Ou of Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, and Han of Wuhan, Hubei Province. All the above-mentioned are still popular in the market.

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